OKX, MetaMask, Matter Labs, and Genlayer have formed the Internet Court, a dispute resolution protocol for transactions between AI agents. The protocol is led by the Genlayer Foundation and backed by 27 crypto and Web3 firms. The initiative addresses a gap in agentic commerce infrastructure, where AI agents increasingly negotiate and execute payments without human involvement but lack standardized mechanisms for escrow, evidence handling, and settlement across different payment and identity systems.
Internet Court Targets AI Agent Transaction Disputes
The protocol is designed to handle disputes that arise when AI agents enter transactions and disagree over performance or task completion. Traditional courts operate too slowly and are jurisdiction-bound, while agentic commerce produces disputes at machine speed across wallets, protocols, and applications. David Riudor, CEO and co-founder of the Genlayer Foundation, stated: "Internet Court is the shared place agents can turn to when a deal goes wrong. Machine-speed money needs machine-speed adjudication." The protocol aims to make AI-based payments, escrow, and dispute resolution interoperable as agent-to-agent commerce develops faster than supporting legal and technical infrastructure.
MetaMask Smart Accounts Kit Powers Protocol Integration
MetaMask's involvement centers on wallet-layer integration. Genlayer is using the MetaMask Smart Accounts Kit, including ERC-7710 delegations and its x402 Facilitator, as part of the Internet Court, according to Ryan McPeck, Smart Accounts Lead at MetaMask. Smart accounts enable agents to operate with flexible transaction permissions beyond standard wallets. Delegations allow agents to act within defined limits, while payment facilitators support automated settlement. These tools combine with escrow and dispute resolution to create a framework for agent-led commerce.
Protocol Addresses Fragmentation Across Agent Standards
Agentic commerce is developing through competing standards including Coinbase's x402 for payments, ERC-8004 for agent identity, and Google's A2A for agent interoperability. None provides a complete commercial framework for commitments, settlement, and disputes. Albert Castellana, co-founder and CEO of Genlayer Labs, said: "Internet Court makes them work together. With our founding members, we're turning a fragmented space into a single open skill that any agent can use to make financial commitments hold up, even when they're contested." The protocol is designed to function across different identity systems, payment rails, wallet structures, and execution environments rather than within one closed network.
FAQ
What is the Internet Court protocol?
The Internet Court is a dispute resolution protocol for transactions between AI agents, formed by 27 Web3 firms including OKX, MetaMask, Matter Labs, and Genlayer. It is led by the Genlayer Foundation and designed to handle escrow, evidence handling, and settlement across different payment and identity systems.
Which technical components does Internet Court use?
The protocol uses the MetaMask Smart Accounts Kit, including ERC-7710 delegations and the x402 Facilitator. These tools enable flexible transaction permissions, automated settlement, and cross-protocol interoperability for AI agent transactions.
Why did Web3 firms create a dispute system for AI agents?
AI agents increasingly execute payments and commercial tasks without human involvement, but lack standardized mechanisms to resolve disputes when transactions fail or terms are contested. Traditional courts are too slow and jurisdiction-bound for machine-speed commerce across multiple protocols and wallets.
