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Ethereum Faces Finality Risk If One-Third of Validators Go Offline, Report Finds

GateNews
On-Chain Data
ETH1.58%
According to new research from the Cambridge Centre for Alternative Finance, nearly a third of Ethereum node activity is hosted in the United States, while roughly 39% is concentrated across the European Union excluding the UK. Research lead Alexander Neumuller noted that Ethereum's infrastructure clustering around three major hosting providers—Hetzner, AWS, and OVH—presents a correlated outage risk. If more than one-third of validators go offline simultaneously, checkpoints stop finalizing, making the one-third threshold a critical operational risk level for Ethereum's proof-of-stake design. The concentration of infrastructure around common providers could amplify the impact of hosting disruptions, regulatory actions, or policy changes affecting a single vendor. The study also found that Ethereum's energy consumption dropped 99.98% since the merge to roughly 7.9 gigawatt-hours annually, with sustainable power exceeding 56% across the network.
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